To use a keyboard shortcut, press and hold one or more modifier keys and then press the last key of the shortcut. For example, to use Command-C (copy), press and hold the Command key, then the C key, then release both keys. Mac menus and keyboards often use symbols for certain keys, including modifier keys:
The same toggle can be used to turn off Personal Hotspot, disconnecting all connected clients. Ensure the latest version of iTunes is installed and running on the Mac or PC. Jul 15, 2011 I have just purchased my first Mac, a Mac Book Pro. I am trying to attach an external screen and would like to know what the equivalent of Fn F7 in Windows is, ie. This enable you to toggle between laptop and external screen. Thanks, Rosemary. Manual-return valves remain open or closed when the toggle is moved into position. Spring-return valves automatically close when the toggle is released. Flow coefficient (Cv) is the amount of water (in gallons per minute) at 60° F that will flow through a fully open valve with a difference of 1 psi between the inlet and the outlet. Downloadable quick ref pdfs. We have compiled the most used, and most useful, keyboard shortcuts into a downloadable pdf file. We have two versions, one that shows shortcuts for Visual Studio for Mac, and a version that shows Visual Studio shorts side-by-side for users that have prior experience with Visual Studio when using Windows.
On keyboards made for Windows PCs, use the Alt key instead of Option, and the Windows logo key instead of Command.
Some keys on some Apple keyboards have special symbols and functions, such as for display brightness , keyboard brightness , Mission Control, and more. If these functions aren't available on your keyboard, you might be able to reproduce some of them by creating your own keyboard shortcuts. To use these keys as F1, F2, F3, or other standard function keys, combine them with the Fn key.
Cut, copy, paste, and other common shortcuts
- Command-X: Cut the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard.
- Command-C: Copy the selected item to the Clipboard. This also works for files in the Finder.
- Command-V: Paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app. This also works for files in the Finder.
- Command-Z: Undo the previous command. You can then press Shift-Command-Z to Redo, reversing the undo command. In some apps, you can undo and redo multiple commands.
- Command-A: Select All items.
- Command-F: Find items in a document or open a Find window.
- Command-G: Find Again: Find the next occurrence of the item previously found. To find the previous occurrence, press Shift-Command-G.
- Command-H: Hide the windows of the front app. To view the front app but hide all other apps, press Option-Command-H.
- Command-M: Minimize the front window to the Dock. To minimize all windows of the front app, press Option-Command-M.
- Command-O: Open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open.
- Command-P: Print the current document.
- Command-S: Save the current document.
- Command-T: Open a new tab.
- Command-W: Close the front window. To close all windows of the app, press Option-Command-W.
- Option-Command-Esc: Force quit an app.
- Command–Space bar: Show or hide the Spotlight search field. To perform a Spotlight search from a Finder window, press Command–Option–Space bar. (If you use multiple input sources to type in different languages, these shortcuts change input sources instead of showing Spotlight. Learn how to change a conflicting keyboard shortcut.)
- Control–Command–Space bar: Show the Character Viewer, from which you can choose emoji and other symbols.
- Control-Command-F: Use the app in full screen, if supported by the app.
- Space bar: Use Quick Look to preview the selected item.
- Command-Tab: Switch to the next most recently used app among your open apps.
- Shift-Command-5: In macOS Mojave or later, take a screenshot or make a screen recording. Or use Shift-Command-3 or Shift-Command-4 for screenshots. Learn more about screenshots.
- Shift-Command-N: Create a new folder in the Finder.
- Command-Comma (,): Open preferences for the front app.
Sleep, log out, and shut down shortcuts
You might need to press and hold some of these shortcuts for slightly longer than other shortcuts. This helps you to avoid using them unintentionally.
- Power button: Press to turn on your Mac or wake it from sleep. Press and hold for 1.5 seconds to put your Mac to sleep.* Continue holding to force your Mac to turn off.
- Option–Command–Power button* or Option–Command–Media Eject : Put your Mac to sleep.
- Control–Shift–Power button* or Control–Shift–Media Eject : Put your displays to sleep.
- Control–Power button* or Control–Media Eject : Display a dialog asking whether you want to restart, sleep, or shut down.
- Control–Command–Power button:* Force your Mac to restart, without prompting to save any open and unsaved documents.
- Control–Command–Media Eject : Quit all apps, then restart your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you will be asked whether you want to save them.
- Control–Option–Command–Power button* or Control–Option–Command–Media Eject : Quit all apps, then shut down your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you will be asked whether you want to save them.
- Control-Command-Q: Immediately lock your screen.
- Shift-Command-Q: Log out of your macOS user account. You will be asked to confirm. To log out immediately without confirming, press Option-Shift-Command-Q.
* Does not apply to the Touch ID sensor.
Finder and system shortcuts
- Command-D: Duplicate the selected files.
- Command-E: Eject the selected disk or volume.
- Command-F: Start a Spotlight search in the Finder window.
- Command-I: Show the Get Info window for a selected file.
- Command-R: (1) When an alias is selected the Finder: show the original file for the selected alias. (2) In some apps, such as Calendar or Safari, refresh or reload the page. (3) In Software Update preferences, check for software updates again.
- Shift-Command-C: Open the Computer window.
- Shift-Command-D: Open the desktop folder.
- Shift-Command-F: Open the Recents window, showing all of the files you viewed or changed recently.
- Shift-Command-G: Open a Go to Folder window.
- Shift-Command-H: Open the Home folder of the current macOS user account.
- Shift-Command-I: Open iCloud Drive.
- Shift-Command-K: Open the Network window.
- Option-Command-L: Open the Downloads folder.
- Shift-Command-N: Create a new folder.
- Shift-Command-O: Open the Documents folder.
- Shift-Command-P: Show or hide the Preview pane in Finder windows.
- Shift-Command-R: Open the AirDrop window.
- Shift-Command-T: Show or hide the tab bar in Finder windows.
- Control-Shift-Command-T: Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mavericks or later)
- Shift-Command-U: Open the Utilities folder.
- Option-Command-D: Show or hide the Dock.
- Control-Command-T: Add the selected item to the sidebar (OS X Mavericks or later).
- Option-Command-P: Hide or show the path bar in Finder windows.
- Option-Command-S: Hide or show the Sidebar in Finder windows.
- Command–Slash (/): Hide or show the status bar in Finder windows.
- Command-J: Show View Options.
- Command-K: Open the Connect to Server window.
- Control-Command-A: Make an alias of the selected item.
- Command-N: Open a new Finder window.
- Option-Command-N: Create a new Smart Folder.
- Command-T: Show or hide the tab bar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window.
- Option-Command-T: Show or hide the toolbar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window.
- Option-Command-V: Move: Move the files in the Clipboard from their original location to the current location.
- Command-Y: Use Quick Look to preview the selected files.
- Option-Command-Y: View a Quick Look slideshow of the selected files.
- Command-1: View the items in the Finder window as icons.
- Command-2: View the items in a Finder window as a list.
- Command-3: View the items in a Finder window in columns.
- Command-4: View the items in a Finder window in a gallery.
- Command–Left Bracket ([): Go to the previous folder.
- Command–Right Bracket (]): Go to the next folder.
- Command–Up Arrow: Open the folder that contains the current folder.
- Command–Control–Up Arrow: Open the folder that contains the current folder in a new window.
- Command–Down Arrow: Open the selected item.
- Right Arrow: Open the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
- Left Arrow: Close the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
- Command-Delete: Move the selected item to the Trash.
- Shift-Command-Delete: Empty the Trash.
- Option-Shift-Command-Delete: Empty the Trash without confirmation dialog.
- Command–Brightness Up: Turn target display mode on or off.
- Command–Brightness Down: Turn video mirroring on or off when your Mac is connected to more than one display.
- Option–Brightness Up: Open Displays preferences. This works with either Brightness key.
- Control–Brightness Up or Control–Brightness Down: Change the brightness of your external display, if supported by your display.
- Option–Shift–Brightness Up or Option–Shift–Brightness Down: Adjust the display brightness in smaller steps. Add the Control key to this shortcut to make the adjustment on your external display, if supported by your display.
- Option–Mission Control: Open Mission Control preferences.
- Command–Mission Control: Show the desktop.
- Control–Down Arrow: Show all windows of the front app.
- Option–Volume Up: Open Sound preferences. This works with any of the volume keys.
- Option–Shift–Volume Up or Option–Shift–Volume Down: Adjust the sound volume in smaller steps.
- Option–Keyboard Brightness Up: Open Keyboard preferences. This works with either Keyboard Brightness key.
- Option–Shift–Keyboard Brightness Up or Option–Shift–Keyboard Brightness Down: Adjust the keyboard brightness in smaller steps.
- Option key while double-clicking: Open the item in a separate window, then close the original window.
- Command key while double-clicking: Open a folder in a separate tab or window.
- Command key while dragging to another volume: Move the dragged item to the other volume, instead of copying it.
- Option key while dragging: Copy the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item.
- Option-Command while dragging: Make an alias of the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item.
- Option-click a disclosure triangle: Open all folders within the selected folder. This works only when in list view.
- Command-click a window title: See the folders that contain the current folder.
- Learn how to use Command or Shift to select multiple items in the Finder.
- Click the Go menu in the Finder menu bar to see shortcuts for opening many commonly used folders, such as Applications, Documents, Downloads, Utilities, and iCloud Drive.
Document shortcuts
The behavior of these shortcuts may vary with the app you're using.
- Command-B: Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off.
- Command-I: Italicize the selected text, or turn italics on or off.
- Command-K: Add a web link.
- Command-U: Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off.
- Command-T: Show or hide the Fonts window.
- Command-D: Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog.
- Control-Command-D: Show or hide the definition of the selected word.
- Shift-Command-Colon (:): Display the Spelling and Grammar window.
- Command-Semicolon (;): Find misspelled words in the document.
- Option-Delete: Delete the word to the left of the insertion point.
- Control-H: Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete.
- Control-D: Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete.
- Fn-Delete: Forward delete on keyboards that don't have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control-D.
- Control-K: Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph.
- Fn–Up Arrow: Page Up: Scroll up one page.
- Fn–Down Arrow: Page Down: Scroll down one page.
- Fn–Left Arrow: Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document.
- Fn–Right Arrow: End: Scroll to the end of a document.
- Command–Up Arrow: Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document.
- Command–Down Arrow: Move the insertion point to the end of the document.
- Command–Left Arrow: Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line.
- Command–Right Arrow: Move the insertion point to the end of the current line.
- Option–Left Arrow: Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word.
- Option–Right Arrow: Move the insertion point to the end of the next word.
- Shift–Command–Up Arrow: Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document.
- Shift–Command–Down Arrow: Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document.
- Shift–Command–Left Arrow: Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line.
- Shift–Command–Right Arrow: Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line.
- Shift–Up Arrow: Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above.
- Shift–Down Arrow: Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below.
- Shift–Left Arrow: Extend text selection one character to the left.
- Shift–Right Arrow: Extend text selection one character to the right.
- Option–Shift–Up Arrow: Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again.
- Option–Shift–Down Arrow: Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again.
- Option–Shift–Left Arrow: Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again.
- Option–Shift–Right Arrow: Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again.
- Control-A: Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
- Control-E: Move to the end of a line or paragraph.
- Control-F: Move one character forward.
- Control-B: Move one character backward.
- Control-L: Center the cursor or selection in the visible area.
- Control-P: Move up one line.
- Control-N: Move down one line.
- Control-O: Insert a new line after the insertion point.
- Control-T: Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point.
- Command–Left Curly Bracket ({): Left align.
- Command–Right Curly Bracket (}): Right align.
- Shift–Command–Vertical bar (|): Center align.
- Option-Command-F: Go to the search field.
- Option-Command-T: Show or hide a toolbar in the app.
- Option-Command-C: Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard.
- Option-Command-V: Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item.
- Option-Shift-Command-V: Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content.
- Option-Command-I: Show or hide the inspector window.
- Shift-Command-P: Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings.
- Shift-Command-S: Display the Save As dialog, or duplicate the current document.
- Shift–Command–Minus sign (-): Decrease the size of the selected item.
- Shift–Command–Plus sign (+): Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Equal sign (=) performs the same function.
- Shift–Command–Question mark (?): Open the Help menu.
Other shortcuts
For more shortcuts, check the shortcut abbreviations shown in the menus of your apps. Every app can have its own shortcuts, and shortcuts that work in one app might not work in another.
- Apple Music shortcuts: Choose Help > Keyboard shortcuts from the menu bar in the Music app.
- Other shortcuts: Choose Apple menu > System Preferences, click Keyboard, then click Shortcuts.
Learn more
- Create your own shortcuts and resolve conflicts between shortcuts
- Change the behavior of the function keys or modifier keys
Sometimes you may need to toggle between your laptop’s screen and external monitor so that you may be able to make a clear presentation.
Unlike the previous versions of windows, that required to make settings each time you plugged in an external display, toggling between different displays has been made simple beginning with Windows 7 and later versions; being just a press of windows button + P away.
Modern laptops easily connect to an external monitor, extending your total display area or you can decide to mirror your laptop screen to a larger monitor.
This will generally give you a larger display area for all your icons.
How to toggle between your windows Screen and external monitor
To connect to your windows laptop a monitor:
Step 1:
Check your laptop for a video port. Usually old laptops come with a VGA. The modern laptops possess DVA, HDMI or USB-C.
Step 2:
Once your monitor is connected, you can press Windows+P; or Fn (function key usually has an image of a screen) +F8; to select duplicate if you want both laptop screen and monitor to display the same information.
Extend, will enable you display separate information between your laptop screen and external monitor.
Select projector only if you want the external monitor to display.
Sometimes you may consult your laptop manual to get the function for the external display toggle.
To move an active window on your laptop to a second window, drag the window towards right, on to the second screen.
Now that you have connected your monitor, how do you toggle between the screens?
…and you need to have them display different information, how do you get the juice out of it?
Probably, the reason you have connected another display device to your laptop, and you need to have them display different information, how do you get the juice out of it?
Press Alt+Tab and hold them while you move between open windows using the arrows on different display screens.
You can use CTRL+TAB to switch between different windows in the browser of your laptop’s display monitors.
How to toggle between your MacBook Screen & external monitor
Step 1:
Go to the System Preferences. Select the Displays option.
![Toggle Mac Toggle Mac](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324704572/figure/fig4/AS:731589675868160@1551435979089/Dietary-MACs-toggle-the-fitness-of-Cdifficile-in-the-gut-while-engendering-distinct.jpg)
Step 2:
Press down and hold the option key
Step 3:
At the bottom-right, of your display window, you should see a “Detect Displays” button.
Step 4:
Click “Detect Displays” so that the Mac OS can look for the external monitor connected to the laptop.
How to specify your monitor as the display screen
From the BIOS of your laptop, you can set your external monitor as a primary display Adapter.
The primary display adapter setting is useful when the motherboard possess multiple video devices connected to it.
When no other display device is connected, the laptop monitor is the primary display adapter.
![Toggle Mac Toggle Mac](https://cdn.osxdaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/quick-enable-tab-key-window-navigation-macosx.jpg)
Here is how to your primary display adaptor from your bios set up:
Step 1:
Restart your laptop. Press and hold F1, F2, F10, Del or ESC key to enter the boot menu.
Step 2:
Look for Primary Display Adapter in Bios. Change to desired display adapter. This time it’s the monitor you have connected.
Toggle Macbook Air
Note:
Bios features vary from laptop to laptop depending on manufacturers. Ensure to take note of the naming convention.
Step 3:
Save the settings and then exit. If you forget to save the settings won’t take effect.
How an external display can help you when your laptop screen breaks or malfunctions
If you laptop has a broken screen, you can always connect it to an external display as an emergency before you set out to take it to a qualified technician for repair.
Just make sure other video components like the graphics card are not damaged.
What is the use of a docking station?
Sometimes your laptop maybe having on a single display port but you want to connect two monitors; what do you do?
The simple solution is to purchase a docking station. A docking station will enable you to connect two monitors on a single video display port. We recommend this:
Sale Targus Universal 4K Laptop Docking Station,.. Toggle Macro
- 1 DisplayPort port supports a single 4K monitor (up to 3840 x 2160 x 30 fps)
- 1 DVI-I and 1 DVI-D ports support dual monitors (up to 2048 x 1152 x 60 fps)
- 1 Gigabit Ethernet port for wired access at ultra-fast speeds
How to Connect Multiple External Monitors to Your Laptop
What if your laptop has several display ports and you need to make full use of them? Even if it lacks multiple ports for connecting several monitors, there is always a way to put them on board.
Here are the different ways to connect multiple external monitors on a laptop:
1. Connecting multiple monitors Using USB-C/ Thunderbolt
This is the latest technology of outputting video. In order to cut back on size, a single USB-C port was introduced for laptops and monitors. Also known as thunderbolt 3, this kind of port can be used for charging, video, audio or standard data transmission at the same time.
So if your laptop has more than a single thunderbolt 3 and several thunderbolt 3 enabled monitors, you can easily connect several external displays. The toggle functions can be achieved through the previous steps above.
In case you have these several thunderbolt 3 ports on your laptop but no thunder 3 enabled monitor, you can use a thunderbolt3 to HDMI or DVI adaptor.
Read this if you have problems with HDMI port.
2. Connecting multiple monitors on laptop using display splitter box
Old generation laptops lack the thunderbolt technology, so how do you connect two monitors on the same laptop/
… A splitter box will split video data so that two monitors can be connected to output from the laptop.
It’s a bit complex but once you have a splitter box, you can get it done. A splitter box will split video data so that two monitors can be connected to output from the laptop.
Conclusion
Do you enjoy having your applications run on a larger display? Do you want to make your presentation to your audience at the comfort of a larger display? What do you want to achieve?
From our articles have discussed how we can toggle between a laptop screen and an external monitor, and you can comfortably toggle between the available display screens with the steps given.
Mody do minecraft 1.8. To beef up things a little better, you can have several monitors connected to a laptop so that all people in the auditorium can get a clear view of your presentation without moving an inch.
Which other ways have you used to connect an external monitor to a laptop?
Please set the conversation rolling in the comments